Pregnancy is a time of profound physical change, and for some women, it may come with unexpected health concerns such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). At Medeor Hospital, Abu Dhabi, we are committed to providing comprehensive care for expectant mothers—including early screening, diagnosis, and management of gestational diabetes to ensure a healthy pregnancy and a safe delivery.
This blog will walk you through the causes, symptoms, risk factors, and effective management strategies for gestational diabetes, helping you stay informed and empowered throughout your pregnancy journey.
What is Gestational Diabetes?
Gestational diabetes is a condition in which blood sugar levels become elevated during pregnancy in women who were not previously diagnosed with diabetes. It typically develops between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation and usually resolves after delivery. However, managing it properly is essential to avoid complications for both mother and baby.
Causes of Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes is caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy that make your body less responsive to insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar. The placenta produces hormones that can block insulin’s action, leading to insulin resistance.
As the body becomes more insulin-resistant, the pancreas must produce more insulin to keep blood glucose levels normal. When it can’t keep up, blood sugar levels rise—leading to gestational diabetes.
Who is at Risk?
Several factors may increase your risk of developing gestational diabetes:
- Age over 25 years
- Being overweight or obese
- A family history of type 2 diabetes
- A previous pregnancy with gestational diabetes
- Giving birth to a large baby (over 4 kg or 9 lbs) in a previous pregnancy
- Having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
- Belonging to certain ethnic groups with higher risk (South Asian, Middle Eastern, etc.)
Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes
In many cases, gestational diabetes doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms. However, some women may experience:
- Excessive thirst
- Frequent urination
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Blurred vision
- Increased infections, such as UTIs or yeast infections
Because symptoms are often mild or mistaken for typical pregnancy-related changes, routine screening is essential.
How is Gestational Diabetes Diagnosed?
At Medeor Hospital, we conduct gestational diabetes screening between 24–28 weeks of pregnancy, or earlier for high-risk patients.
Tests may include:
- Glucose Challenge Test (GCT): A simple blood test one hour after drinking a glucose solution.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Measures blood sugar levels over three hours after a fasting glucose drink.
If results are elevated, your doctor will confirm the diagnosis and create a customized care plan.
Complications of Untreated Gestational Diabetes
When unmanaged, gestational diabetes can lead to serious complications:
For the Baby:
- Macrosomia (large baby), increasing the risk of birth injuries
- Preterm birth
- Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) after delivery
- Respiratory distress syndrome
- Higher risk of obesity or type 2 diabetes later in life
For the Mother:
- Increased risk of pre-eclampsia
- Higher chance of C-section delivery
- Greater likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in the future
Managing Gestational Diabetes
With early detection and proper care, most women with gestational diabetes go on to have healthy pregnancies and babies.
1. Healthy Diet
- Focus on whole grains, fresh vegetables, lean protein, and fiber-rich foods.
- Avoid sugary drinks, refined carbs, and high-glycemic-index foods.
- Eat small, frequent meals to maintain steady blood sugar levels.
2. Regular Exercise
- Engage in low-impact activities such as walking, prenatal yoga, or swimming.
- Always consult your OB-GYN before beginning any fitness routine.
3. Monitoring Blood Sugar
- Use a glucose monitor to track levels several times a day.
- Your doctor will set specific target ranges for fasting and post-meal glucose levels.
4. Medications (If Needed)
- If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, your doctor may prescribe insulin or oral medications that are safe during pregnancy.
5. Regular Check-Ups
- At Medeor Hospital, our OB-GYNs work closely with endocrinologists and dietitians to monitor your pregnancy and adjust your care plan as needed.
Life After Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes usually resolves after childbirth. However, you are at increased risk of developing it again in future pregnancies and of developing type 2 diabetes within 5–10 years.
What You Can Do:
- Get screened for diabetes 6–12 weeks postpartum.
- Maintain a healthy weight and lifestyle.
- Continue regular blood sugar monitoring.
- Schedule annual check-ups with your healthcare provider.
Why Choose Medeor Hospital, Abu Dhabi?
At Medeor Hospital, we offer:
- Advanced prenatal screening and diagnostic services
- Personalized nutrition and diabetes management plans
- A multidisciplinary team of gynecologists, endocrinologists, and dietitians
- 24/7 maternity and emergency care
- Patient-first, family-centered approach
We are here to support you through every step of your pregnancy journey—with expertise, compassion, and care.
Final Thoughts
Gestational diabetes may sound alarming, but with proper guidance and management, you can have a smooth, healthy pregnancy. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or looking for a second opinion, the specialists at Medeor Hospital, Abu Dhabi are here to help you take control of your health and protect your baby’s future. Book your prenatal consultation today
